The Prevalence and Characteristic of Patients Achieve Target Doses of Medications Used to Treat Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction at Heart Failure Clinic

Chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.

Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction is a clinical syndrome of dysp­ nea, exercise intolerance and/or edema resulting from an impairment of ejec­ tion of blood, usually documented by a left ventricular ejection fraction of 40% or less on echocardiography.1,2 Cor on­ ary artery disease is a major cause; therefore, stress testing or, in the pres­ ence of angina, coronary angiography shoul...

Predicting Heart Failure With Preserved and Reduced Ejection Fraction: The International Collaboration on Heart Failure Subtypes.

BACKGROUND Heart failure (HF) is a prevalent and deadly disease, and preventive strategies focused on at-risk individuals are needed. Current HF prediction models have not examined HF subtypes. We sought to develop and validate risk prediction models for HF with preserved and reduced ejection fraction (HFpEF, HFrEF). METHODS AND RESULTS Of 28,820 participants from 4 community-based cohorts, 9...

Arterial Stiffness and Risk of Overall Heart Failure, Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction, and Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction

Heart Failure With Preserved, Mid-Range, and Reduced Ejection Fraction

T he European Society of Cardiology (ESC) recently published new guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure (HF). 1 The new nomenclature includes separating patients with HF into 3 distinct groups depending on the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF): preserved LVEF (≥50%), mid-range LVEF (40–49%), and reduced LVEF (≤40%). Although there have been several...

Heart Failure Due to Reduced Ejection Fraction: Medical Management.

Heart failure is an increasingly common condition resulting in high rates of morbidity and mortality. For patients who have heart failure and reduced ejection fraction, randomized clinical trials demonstrate consistent mortality benefit from angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, direct-acting vasodilators, beta blockers, and aldosterone antagonists. Additional...